ABSTRACT
Reviewing the literature indicates a lack of studies that explicitly describe the dynamics of design-knowledge construction in architectural pedagogy. Accordingly, this study attempts to empirically explore the process of constructing design-knowledge within a freshman architectural-design studio in the Egyptian context. In the spring 2020 semester, interpretive qualitative research was initially conducted in an on-campus setting, followed by a period within an online setting, after the COVID-19 lockdown. A total of 12 students, in addition to four teaching assistants and the course instructor, were involved in this study. Multiple data-gathering tactics, such as field observations, semi-structured interviews, and document archives were employed. Conventional content analysis was adopted, in order to extract the patterns that describe the design-knowledge construction within the case under investigation. The study revealed ten themes within three categories: students’ learning activities, faculty-pedagogical strategies, and social interactions. This paper discusses one theme from each of these categories: (1) students’ recourse to self-directed learning, (2) the faculty’s coaching within the educational setting, and (3) the studio’s socio-communal cohesion. The findings of this study confirmed that the construction of design-knowledge is an integrally situated process, which cannot be studied without the presence of all its various components. Such a study presents a contribution that could inform future pedagogical initiatives which aim to create stimulating architectural learning environments in a post-pandemic reality. ©Authors
ABSTRACT
In the recent pandemic of COVID-19, the growing demand for mobile data services is become beyond the expectation for the 5G networks. To face the new situation the intelligent networks needs to think differently of how to handle the limitation of the coverage resource to meet the users' application demands. In this paper, application-Aware optimization algorithm has been proposed for 5G networks. The cell selection in a small cell environment with the lack of movement gives new perspective to mobility and resource optimization. The proposed algorithm using fuzzy logic integrates the system information with the application attributes to satisfy different applications needs. The available capacity with the QoS metrics such as throughput, packet loss, and end to end delay are investigated for an optimal cell selection. The performance evaluation reveals improvement in system utilization and QoS. © 2021 IEEE.